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[其他] 智能小车---采用Linux2.6

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发表于 2008-5-1 07:14:58 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
<>作者:Sam山野人,<A target=_blank href="mailto:coolwyc@21cn.com">coolwyc@21cn.com</A></P><DIV align=left><IMG style="CURSOR: pointer" onclick=javascript:window.open(this.src); src="http://www.roboticfan.com/blog/UploadFiles/2007-8/221435205355.jpg" onload=rsimg(this,500)><BR><BR><IMG style="CURSOR: pointer" onclick=javascript:window.open(this.src); src="http://www.roboticfan.com/blog/UploadFiles/2007-8/221435770766.jpg" onload=rsimg(this,500)></DIV><DIV align=left><EMBED pluginspage=http://www.microsoft.com/Windows/Downloads/Contents/MediaPlayer/ src=http://www.shop8.us/a/21-08-07_1951.rm width=176 height=144 type=application/x-mplayer2 filename="http://www.shop8.us/a/21-08-07_1951.rm" autostart="true" showcontrols="true" showstatusbar="false" showdisplay="false" autorewind="true"></EMBED></DIV><P>硬件:</P><P>1.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 车体</P><P>2.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; S3C2410A开发板</P><P>3.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 红外测距传感器</P><P>4.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 伺服器(舵机)</P><P>5.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 直流电机</P><P>6.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 电机驱动板</P><P>7.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 电源</P><P>软件:</P><P>1.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Linux2.6.14内核,包括:Nand Flash、USB、NET、PWM、ADC等驱动;Yaffs等文件系统。</P><P>2. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; VIVI</P><P>3.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Busybox1.6</P><P>主要目标:</P><P>使车体能自主地在平地行驶,能躲避一定高度和大小的障碍物。</P><P>下一目标:</P><P>优化行走算法、行走路线预测、自选行走路线等。</P><P>加入编码轮,实现PID。</P><P>开发简述:</P><P>1.&nbsp;在前几个月已完成了PRJ1:智能小车的开发,PRJ2硬件跟PRJ1相同,实现功能也基本相同,最大不同的是PRJ1采用UCOSII操作系统,PRJ2采用Linux,由于工作比较忙,PRJ1的介绍稍后撰写发布。</P><P>2. 开发板是一年多前买的,自带的linux 是2.4 的版本,现在很多开发板都已经用上2.6 了,我当然也想用2.6 做平台了,于是开始了linux2.6.14 的移植,用了大概花了3 个星期左右,其中也尝试了2.6.18 和2.6.22 ,编译后运行时老是出现visual address裁词裁吹拇砦螅?偻?弦裁徊榈皆?颍?谑欠牌?恕?linux2.6.14的移植也算比较顺利, Nand Flash 、 USB、 NET、 Yaffs等都很快弄好了。我是在业余时间做的,平时要上班,花了三个星期自己感觉也不算慢了。</P><P>3. 内核移植完了下一步当然是文件系统了,首先是移植Busybox1.6 ,然后建立目录结构、编写好linuxrc 还有hosts 、passwd 等配置文件,在mtd 上划出一个分区建立yaffs ,把目录结构、Busybox 等都copy 过去,启动时用这个yaffs 分区做根目录。具体的网上也有很多文章参考,这里就从简了。</P><P>4. 要使车体工作需要控制三个硬件:</P><P>a. 红外测距传感器--- 车体的唯一一个传感器,最大探测距离80cm ,负责探测车体周围的障碍物,车体上没有其他接触开关等传感器,所以车体的安全保障就靠它了。</P><P>b. 伺服器--- 负责带动红外测距传感器旋转,使它能探测到不同角度的距离,这里设计是前方 lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Times New Roman"&gt;140度范围旋转,也就是说能探测前方 140度范围的障碍物的距离。</P><P>c. 直流电机--- 负责车体移动。通过了PWM 信号驱动电机驱动板来调节车体的运行速度,前方障碍物距离远时运行速度可以快些,当离障碍物距离近时运行速度可以慢些或者停车。</P><P>5. 红外测距传感器输出的是模拟电压信号(当障碍物距离远输出电压低,当障碍物距离近输出电压高),所以要用到ADC ,需要编写S3C2410_adc 驱动。</P><P>6. 伺服器和直流电机都需要用到PWM信号,PWM信号是由定时器产生的,S3C2410 有五路定时器,linux 占用了一个,查看linux 内核源码,确定是占用了timer4 ,其余的4 个就可以选用了,选用timer0 驱动伺服器,timer1 驱动直流电机,分配好了立刻动手编写S3C2410_pwm 驱动;车体运行除了要控制速度还需要控制方向(前进、后退、左转、右转等),需要通过 I/O对电机驱动板进行控制,本来应该另外编写驱动程序来完成这些的,但考虑到控制对象是一样的(电机),而且控制方向和控制速度关系比较密切,所以把控制 I/O的代码也写到 S3C2410_pwm里面去了,用起来也方便。</P><P>7. 到此,内核和驱动都已经准备好了,下一步要实现的就是应用程序了,包括小车的行走模式、行走算法、障碍物探测等,使用了两个线程来完成这些任务:</P><P>a. MeasureThread()--- 探测线程:主要实现伺服器在 140度区间来回转动,带动红外测距传感器也随之转动;每转过一定角度就测量障碍物距离;根据测量结果通知 MotionThread()做相应的动作,例如:前方障碍物距离在安全范围,通知 MotionThread()前进;左前方有障碍物,通知 MotionThread()往右转;前方障碍物距离比较近,通知 MotionThread()减速,前方障碍物距离比较远,通知 MotionThread()加速。通过全局变量 Motion_status实现通信。</P><P>b. MotionThread()--- 运动控制线程:根据MeasureThread()设置的状态控制车体运动。当有障碍物时车体需要左转或右转以避开障碍物,当障碍物刚好在安全距离阀值附近时,会出现抖动(有障碍 -&nbsp; 左转 - 无障碍-&nbsp; 停-&nbsp; 有障碍- 左转),这里采取了每次转动要至少保持一定时间(例如: 200ms),在这段时间内禁止改变车体运动状态,通过互斥锁 mutex_turning来实现这种同步。</P><P>&nbsp;</P><DIV><IMG style="CURSOR: pointer" onclick=javascript:window.open(this.src); src="http://www.roboticfan.com/college/UploadFiles_7562/200708/20070823175933282.png" onload=rsimg(this,500)></DIV><P>8. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 代码:car.c</P><P>#i nclude &lt;sys/stat.h&gt; </P><P>#i nclude &lt;fcntl.h&gt; </P><P>#i nclude &lt;stdio.h&gt; </P><P>#i nclude &lt;sys/time.h&gt; </P><P>#i nclude &lt;sys/types.h&gt; </P><P>#i nclude &lt;unistd.h&gt; </P><P>#i nclude &lt;pthread.h&gt;</P><P>#define ADC_DEV "/dev/s3c2410_adc" </P><P>#define PWM_DEV "/dev/s3c2410_pwm" </P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_PRESALE0 0</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_PRESALE1 1</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_MUX0 2</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_MUX1 3</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_MUX2 4</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_MUX3 5</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_MUX4 6</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_AUTORELOAD0 7</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_AUTORELOAD1 8</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_AUTORELOAD2 9</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_AUTORELOAD3 10</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_INVERTER0 12</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_INVERTER1 13</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_INVERTER2 14</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_INVERTER3 15</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_INVERTER4 16</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_UPDATE0 17</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_UPDATE1 18</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_UPDATE2 19</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_UPDATE3 20</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_UPDATE4 21</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_START0 22</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_START1 23</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_START2 24</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_START3 25</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_START4 26</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCNTB0 27</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCNTB1 28</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCNTB2 29</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCNTB3 30</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCNTB4 31</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCMPB0 32</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCMPB1 33</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCMPB2 34</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCMPB3 35</P><P>#define PWMIOCTL_TCMPB4 36</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>#define MOTOIOCTL_GPCDAT 200</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>#define MOTION_FORWARD &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1</P><P>#define MOTION_STOP &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2</P><P>#define MOTION_LEFTTURN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 3</P><P>#define MOTION_RIGHTTURN&nbsp; 4</P><P>#define MOTION_BACKTURN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5</P><P>#define MOTION_BACKWARD &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>#define SERVO_STEP &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 2</P><P>#define SERVO_LEFT_MAX &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 7</P><P>#define SERVO_RIGHT_MAX &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 21</P><P>#define SERVO_MIDDLE &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 14</P><P>#define SERVO_DIRECT_LEFT &nbsp; 0</P><P>#define SERVO_DIRECT_RIGHT 1</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>#define SAVE_ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0x140 &nbsp; &nbsp; //障碍物安全距离值</P><P>#define SAVE_1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0x70</P><P>#define SAVE_2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0x50</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>unsigned char Motion_Status = MOTION_STOP ;</P><P>unsigned short GP2D12_[30] ;</P><P>unsigned char Servo_val[30] = {51,57,63,69,75,81,87,93,99,105,111,117,123,129,135,141,147,153,159,165,171,177,183,189,195,201,207,213,219,225} ;</P><P>unsigned char Direct_val[8] = {0x0, 0x48, 0x0, 0x28, 0x42, 0x42, 0x22, 0x0} ;</P><P>unsigned char Speed_val[8] = {0x15, 0x20, 0x30, 0x46, 0x50, 0x5a, 0x60, 0x63} ;</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>unsigned char curSpeed = 0 ;</P><P>unsigned char curDegree = 0 ;</P><P>unsigned char curDegree_d = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>unsigned short turn_count = 0 ;</P><P>unsigned short lrturn_count = 0 ;</P><P>pthread_mutex_t mutex_turning;</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>int adc_fd,pwm_fd; </P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void InitServo() ;</P><P>void InitMoto() ;</P><P>void SetServoDegree(unsigned char degree) ;</P><P>void SetMotoSpeed(unsigned char speed) ;</P><P>void SetMotoDirect(unsigned char direct) ;</P><P>int GetAdc() ;</P><P>void MeasureThread() ;</P><P>void MotionThread() ;</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void InitServo() {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; int i = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; i=0x20 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; ioctl(pwm_fd,PWMIOCTL_PRESALE0,&amp;i); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; i=0x3 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; ioctl(pwm_fd,PWMIOCTL_MUX0,&amp;i); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; i=1953 ; //i=1800 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; ioctl(pwm_fd,PWMIOCTL_TCNTB0,&amp;i); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetServoDegree(14) ;</P><P>}</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void InitMoto() {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_STOP) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoSpeed(curSpeed) ;</P><P>}</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void SetServoDegree(unsigned char degree) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; int i = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; i=Servo_val[degree] ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; ioctl(pwm_fd,PWMIOCTL_TCMPB0,&amp;i); </P><P>}</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void SetMotoSpeed(unsigned char speed) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; int i = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; i=Speed_val[speed] ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; ioctl(pwm_fd,PWMIOCTL_TCMPB1,&amp;i);</P><P>}</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void SetMotoDirect(unsigned char direct) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; int i = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; i=Direct_val[direct] ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; ioctl(pwm_fd,MOTOIOCTL_GPCDAT,&amp;i); </P><P>}</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>int GetAdc() {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; int i = 0, ret = 0, tmp = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; for(i=0;i&lt;5;i++) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; read(adc_fd,&amp;tmp,sizeof(unsigned long));</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(i&gt;0) ret += tmp ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; return ret/4 ;</P><P>}</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void MeasureThread()</P><P>{</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; unsigned short adcData0 = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char save_count = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char save_count1 = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char save_count2 = 0 ;</P><P>style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Times New Roman"&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </P><P>// &nbsp; &nbsp; Motion_Status = MOTION_STOP ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; printf("MeasureThread,start&#92;n");</P><P>style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Times New Roman"&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; while(1)</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; switch (Motion_Status) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_LEFTTURN:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_RIGHTTURN:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(20000);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mutex_turning); //等待转动一定角度后才开始检测</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mutex_turning);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; while(1) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; adcData0 = GetAdc() ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(adcData0&lt;=SAVE_) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_STOP) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Motion_Status = MOTION_STOP ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(Motion_Status != MOTION_LEFTTURN &amp;&amp; Motion_Status != MOTION_RIGHTTURN)</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; break ;</P><P>style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Times New Roman"&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_BACKWARD:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_BACKTURN:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; default:</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(curDegree&lt;SERVO_LEFT_MAX) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;curDegree = SERVO_LEFT_MAX ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree_d = SERVO_DIRECT_RIGHT ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(curDegree&gt;SERVO_RIGHT_MAX) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree = SERVO_RIGHT_MAX ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree_d = SERVO_DIRECT_LEFT ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; while(1) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; adcData0 = GetAdc() ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(adcData0&gt;=SAVE_) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; //stop and sleep to do.</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; //</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; lrturn_count++ ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; if(curDegree&gt;SERVO_MIDDLE) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; Motion_Status = MOTION_LEFTTURN ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree_d=SERVO_DIRECT_RIGHT ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; Motion_Status = MOTION_RIGHTTURN ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree_d=SERVO_DIRECT_LEFT ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; save_count = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count1 = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count2 = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curSpeed = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_STOP) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SetMotoSpeed(curSpeed) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; } else if(adcData0&lt;SAVE_2) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count2++ ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count1++ ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; save_count++ ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(save_count2&gt;8) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curSpeed = 2 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count2 = 8 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; } else if(adcData0&lt;SAVE_1) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count2 = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count1++ ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; save_count++ ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(curSpeed == 2) curSpeed = 1 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(save_count1&gt;8) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curSpeed = 1 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count1 = 8 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; } else if(adcData0&lt;SAVE_) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count1 = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count2 = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; save_count++ ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curSpeed = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(save_count&gt;15) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Motion_Status = MOTION_FORWARD ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; lrturn_count = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; save_count = 15 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SetMotoSpeed(curSpeed) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(curDegree_d==SERVO_DIRECT_LEFT) {&nbsp; //控制伺服器旋转</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree -= SERVO_STEP ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(curDegree&lt;SERVO_LEFT_MAX) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; curDegree=SERVO_LEFT_MAX ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; curDegree_d=SERVO_DIRECT_RIGHT ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; } else {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree += SERVO_STEP ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if(curDegree&gt;SERVO_RIGHT_MAX) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; curDegree=SERVO_RIGHT_MAX ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; curDegree_d=SERVO_DIRECT_LEFT ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SetServoDegree(curDegree) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(40000);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; break ;</P><P>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>}</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>void MotionThread()</P><P>{</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; printf("MotionThread start. &#92;n");</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; while(1)</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; switch (Motion_Status) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_FORWARD:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; while(Motion_Status==MOTION_FORWARD) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_FORWARD) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(5000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_STOP) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_STOP:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; usleep(5000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_LEFTTURN:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_LEFTTURN) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mutex_turning); //每次转动要保持转动一定时间</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; if(lrturn_count&gt;10) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; lrturn_count = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(1000000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(200000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mutex_turning);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; while(Motion_Status==MOTION_LEFTTURN) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_LEFTTURN) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(20000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_STOP) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; usleep(100000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; case MOTION_RIGHTTURN:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_RIGHTTURN) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mutex_turning);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; if(lrturn_count&gt;10) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; lrturn_count = 0 ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(1000000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(200000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mutex_turning);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; while(Motion_Status==MOTION_RIGHTTURN) {</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_RIGHTTURN) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; usleep(20000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_STOP) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; usleep(100000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; default:</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; SetMotoDirect(MOTION_STOP) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Motion_Status = MOTION_STOP ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; usleep(5000) ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; break ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; printf("MotionThread end. &#92;n");</P><P>}</P><P>int main(void) </P><P>{ </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; int ret; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; pthread_t thread_id;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long tmp; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; adc_fd=open(ADC_DEV,O_RDWR); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; pwm_fd=open(PWM_DEV,O_RDWR); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; if(adc_fd &lt; 0) </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; { </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; printf("Error opening %s adc device&#92;n", ADC_DEV); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; return -1; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; if(pwm_fd &lt; 0) </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; { </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; printf("Error opening %s&nbsp;pwm device&#92;n", PWM_DEV); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; return -1; </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; } </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; else </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; printf("device id is %d&#92;n",adc_fd) ; </P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; InitServo();</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; InitMoto() ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; pthread_mutex_init (&amp;mutex_turning,NULL);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; ret=pthread_create(&amp;thread_id,NULL,(void *)MeasureThread,NULL);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; if(ret!=0){</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; printf ("Create pthread error!&#92;n");</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return -1;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; }</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; MotionThread() ;</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; pthread_join(thread_id,NULL);</P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; close(adc_fd); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; close(pwm_fd); </P><P>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; return 0; </P><P>}</P><P><A title=图片+视频+代码 href="http://www.shop8.us/a/car.rar">图片+视频+代码下载</A></P>

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 楼主| 发表于 2008-5-1 07:15:37 | 只看该作者

Re:智能小车---采用Linux2.6

这是别人用LINUX做的小车,强悍吧!
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发表于 2008-5-3 06:53:16 | 只看该作者

Re:智能小车---采用Linux2.6

<>牛!!把Linux搞到小车上来了!</P>
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发表于 2008-6-20 04:46:58 | 只看该作者
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发表于 2009-4-4 00:52:09 | 只看该作者
我觉得真有点相形见绌
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发表于 2010-5-5 12:28:54 | 只看该作者
很有用
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发表于 2010-5-5 18:49:33 | 只看该作者
牛啊
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