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[其他] S12XD系列中XGATE协处理器的原理及应用

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发表于 2008-6-28 23:46:55 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
<DIV align=center><TABLE style="mso-cellspacing: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent">< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>作者:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comffice:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>大连交通大学</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>王雷</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>曾洁</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>陈少华</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>镇江恒驰科技有限公司</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>孔峰</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>张育华</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>摘要</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>主要介绍美国</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Freescale</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>公司开发的功能强大的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列双核微处理器,比其前代产品</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12D</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列增加了</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>核。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">具有处理数据速度快、反应时间短、功耗低等一系列特点,因此在汽车电子领域有着很好的应用前景。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>关键词</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">&nbsp; MC9S12XD</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">&nbsp; XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>协处理器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>脉冲宽度调制</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>串行通信</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">&nbsp; </SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">排队管理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">1&nbsp; </SPAN></STRONG><FONT face=宋体><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">概述</SPAN></STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  美国</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Freescale</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>公司在推出</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12D</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位单片机后,再次推出了功能更强大的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位单片机。其中,包括</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MC9S12XD64</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MC9S12XDP512</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MC3S12XDT256</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MC3S12XDG128</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  在处理多任务技术方面,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列相对</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12D</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列更具优势,其表现像</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">32</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位机一样。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列仍然保持着原来颇受欢迎的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12D</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MCU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的低价格、低功耗、卓越的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">EMC</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">和有效编码长度的优势。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列的主要特点是增加了</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>协处理器。具体来讲</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">,XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>其实就是一个可用</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">C</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>语言编程的,拥有最优化的数据传输、逻辑以及位操作指令的指令系统。由于在外部模块、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I/O</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>口之间提供了一个高速数据传输通道,其工作频率可达到</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12D</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>下载总线频率的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>倍。在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>进行多总线加载数据传输时执行一个中断处理加载的情况下,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">就会表现出其优势。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2&nbsp; XGATE</SPAN></STRONG><FONT face=宋体><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的总体功能及主要特性</SPAN></STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2.1&nbsp; XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的总体功能</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  当前对许多嵌入式系统的一个挑战是在非常短的运行时间内同时执行一系列的重要任务。直接存储器存取模块</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">(DMA)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>提供的解决方案是,通过硬件控制使数据利用中断源来自动地读或写。但是,这种方案中在等候下个中断到来之前通常</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">DMA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>只执行读或写指令,其功能就会被限制。在嵌入式系统中,这样的中断事件经常会介入其他的逻辑处理。譬如在把数据移动到最终目的地之前,要介入确认信号或对数据进行修正的处理。因而,一个以</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">DMA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>支持的中断经常只能做一部分工作,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>会被预留出一部分来通过中断主程序来完成这些任务。这样,中断处理就使</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU </SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">在其他功能的表现方面减弱了。另外,还要有精确的时间要求来保证在系统正常运行的同时来处理复杂的应用程序。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>就是为了提高应用反应速度和减少主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的中断负荷而产生的,通过中断程序的执行以达到与</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>同时运行的目的。那么</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以用来做什么呢?</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>被定位于快速中断处理,可以减少</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">进行中断处理的负荷。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  多数嵌入式应用都要求许多中断程序来处理简单的功能,处理器经常以高速率执行任务。通常这些是与接口功能相联系的,如调速控制器控制反馈及系统与其他部分的通信。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>就是用来帮助</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">处理这些事件的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的一个重要的特点就是它的设置虽然非常简单,但却允许开发复杂程序。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>优于一个智能的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">DMA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>控制器,因为它提供一个复杂</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I/O</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>处理的能力。当</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>与</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU12X</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>核一起使用时,有一些限制需要考虑,但是不会对</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">所设计的功能产生影响。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>为应用提供了更高级别的中断,通过分担一些服务程序来缩短</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的工作时间和进程。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2.2&nbsp; XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的主要特性</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">◆ XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>是一个协处理器,它可以像主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>一样进入并且控制外围设备;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR>◆ </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>从中断出来后的反应时间短;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR>◆ </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>在进入同一个存储空间前,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>要等待主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>释放这一空间的所有存储器;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR>◆ </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>当用于较短程序时,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以提供最好的应用方式;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR>◆ XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>只在运行时消耗电源;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR>◆ XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以实现完成多数通常在主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>上的功能或者程序,与以前的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12D CPU</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">比较,具有更为强大的处理数据能力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">很灵活,使用者可以通过这个低功耗的双核处理器为开发创造新的环境。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2.3&nbsp; XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>与主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  中断控制器硬件产生的中断可以选择由</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>或者</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>来处理。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>处理的任何中断都会减轻主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的中断负荷,并且</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">完全有能力来处理整个中断。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  从图</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>中可以看到,一个开关中断信号可以指向</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>或者</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>。如果指向</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>,它就会执行所要求的程序;当程序完成后,等候下个请求。还能看到有的寄存器可以使</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>指向一个特殊的中断,并且中断优先权的等级被设置到</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>个级别当中的一个。如果有</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>个中断请求同时产生,则处理器就会根据中断级别的高低来判断,最高最重要的中断首先执行。这些中断等级在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">中是相同的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><IMG src="http://down.znczz.com/bbsupfile//upfile/200802_12_1.gif"><BR></SPAN><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>图</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">1&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>用</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>或者</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的中断路径</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>完全一样,是一个支持</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">C</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">编译器的可编程的核。当中断源到来时,它开始运行;在完成中断的任务以后,它会停下来其所有时钟等候下次事件,以此减少电源消耗。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>是一个协处理器。它可以直接使用,几乎可以直接进入所有存储空间。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的创新特点就在于它以独特的方式连接到</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MCU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>所自带的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>上。通过交换总线,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MCU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的内部总线允许交叉进入</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>区。当主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>全速执行时,访问</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>只需一半时间,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>得以在另外半个时钟总线周期进入</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>。所以若主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>不进入</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的周期内,则</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>访问</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的速度就会是</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>最高速度的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">倍。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3&nbsp; XGATE</SPAN></STRONG><FONT face=宋体><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">应用及其工作原理</SPAN></STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.1&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>多通道</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PWM<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  脉冲宽度调制(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PWM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>)在很多</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I/O</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>引脚上被</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MCU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的物理硬件很严格地限制了,或者说如果需要更多的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PWM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>信号就必须使用软件来驱动这些脉冲。当需要一个在输出上实现低功耗的过滤,或者引发中断时,通常想要一个</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PWM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>短周期信号,它就会在主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>上有很高的占用率。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以将</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的占用状态完全移除,并且可以通过一个单一的硬件定时器运行产生多通道的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PWM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>,这样可以使</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MCU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>源的应用更有效率。在很多的实际应用中,相关的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PWM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>信号产生就是利用了定时器来产生所需要的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PWM</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">波形。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">串行通信协议处理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的另外一个重要功能就是串行通信。这里会接收到含有比较标示符的信息,然后数据会被送到存储器中的一个适当的区域,这些都是由匹配的标识符和负载数据决定的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.3&nbsp; CAN</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">网关</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CAN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>网关在工业系统中经常遇到的典型形式就是具有</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>个</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CAN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>网络拓扑。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>就可以帮助</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>来实现这个双</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CAN</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">网络的功能。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以通过查表提供</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">100%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>软件过滤。在每</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">100 μs</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>接收一帧信息(每帧信息包括</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>字节和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">29</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位标识符)的情况下,对</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位或者</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MCU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>来说,这个双</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CAN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>网络拓扑结构的控制是非常重要的。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以降低</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的加载率,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>处理</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">258</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>字节编码时就近似于零加载。对于一个</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>字节数据的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CAN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>信息,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>处理每帧编码大约需要</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3 μs</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>,最坏的情况下</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>加载率只有</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">6%</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><BR><BR>

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 楼主| 发表于 2008-6-28 23:47:07 | 只看该作者

Re:S12XD系列中XGATE协处理器的原理及应用

< style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.4&nbsp; </SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">积分编码</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comffice:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  很多电机控制应用需要从位置和速度传感器得到连续输入的信号。对于体积小、速度快的电机,积分编码可以提供位置反馈,并且可以产生每秒几万个脉冲。如要保持</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>没有加载,则由</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>完成该任务,它可以处理两个传感器中的一个中断事件,并提供方向和位置信息。第</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>个传感器可以为转动参考点提供一个索引信号。每次读</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>个传感器输入任务时会有一个中断,并且根据后来输入状态执行单一向前或者向后计算,用</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>时只花很少的时间就可以完成这个任务</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>执行程序所用时间少于</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">0.5 μs)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>。这是一个理想的表现</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">特性的例子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.5&nbsp; </SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">同步串行通信</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  对于一些串行通信,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以提供简单的驱动功能。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SPI(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>同步串行通信</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>在主机模式下操作是很容易完成的,时钟和数据都可以由</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">驱动,并且只对一个定时器提供波特率信息。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>也还可以设置</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SPI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>从机操作,典型的操作包括在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MOSI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>口收集数据和在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MISO</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>口输出数据,每次传输都会在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SCLK</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>上接收到时钟信号。从机</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SPI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>执行必须注意,由于错过半周期时钟沿而产生错误的读操作会导致向</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SPI</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">主机返回的数据错误。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.6&nbsp; </SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">异步串行通信</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  与</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SPI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>一样,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以通过直接对口进行位操作或者通用异步收发报机来控制软件</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SCI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>。这个与最初的同步通信功能相似,当然,临界位的时钟边沿是不一样的。在异步串行通信中</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>编码是被严格限制的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>波特率最大值通常是</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">19 200 b/s)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>。在最大反应时间情况下必须保持位波特率的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">20%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>和总体的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>,也就是每</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">10.4 μs</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>对每位采样或设置一次。虽然位处理时间是允许变化的,但是在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">19 200 b/s</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的波特率下就不会在发送和接收正确的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">8</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">位数据上产生冲突。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>编码发送</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SCI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>数据需要由一个比较定时器产生的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>个定时值:一个是位周期;另一个是断点检测时间,通常为多个位周期时间。传输</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位的程序非常短,只需要设置输出状态和改变位的指针。接收数据要求用位周期时间对中间通道进行采样,这样就会和以前的中断分开,就像进入了另一个</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>中断,使中断率加倍。此外,这个程序很短,在最坏的情况下中断之间</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>发送</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">/</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>接收,波特率为</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">19 200 b/s)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的间隔是</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">26 μs</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>;在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的时钟程序的影响下(波特率为</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">19 200 b/s</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>),</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SCI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>数据的接收和发送之前,允许程序用大约</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">36 μs</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>执行</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>允许延时</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">26+10.4 μs)</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  这是一个当</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">程序加入后,如何满足最大延时并允许其他程序执行的很好的例子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.7&nbsp; LIN</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">协议处理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  本地互连网(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">LIN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>)协议在汽车控制方面有广泛应用,其主要作用是作为</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CAN</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">的展开,但是现在也开始在其他非汽车应用领域中流行起来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">LIN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">SCI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>外部设备一样,都是按字节控制数据的。在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">LIN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>中,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">可以处理传输数据、缓冲器接收数据中断和数据排队的协议。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>执行</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">213</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>字节长的协议程序,执行时每字节只要</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">0.9 μs</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>。在双字节加载数据时,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">80 Hz</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的频率下处理双字节</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">LIN</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>信息只用了</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>执行能力的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">0.66%</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">3.8&nbsp; </SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">排队管理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>  对外部设备的排队管理可以使主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>进行有意义的加载。一些</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MCU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>体系结构根据排队选择外部设备来减少在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>上的加载。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以根据使用者的要求提供此项功能。结语</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">S12XD</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>系列</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>位微处理器是较高端的车载型单片机,应用很广泛。它的众多优势中最大、最有特色的就是</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的加入。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>作为一个独立于</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的协处理器对于整个芯片的作用很大。在处理中断方面</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>可以实现很强大的功能,可以大量降低主</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">CPU</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>的加载率,让数据传输更顺畅。在访问</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">RAM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>方面</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">XGATE</SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">也有其自己的优势,在实际应用中必然会受到大家的重视。但是就现在而言,双核技术还是属于一项新技术,在很多方面的应用还是需要大家共同探索的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face=宋体><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">参考文献</SPAN></STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">[1]&nbsp; 9S12XDFAMPP.pdf[OL].http://www.Freescale.com.<BR>[2] &nbsp;AN3224.pdf[OL].http://www.Freescale.com.<BR>[3] &nbsp;Steven F Barrett ,Daniel Pack. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>嵌入式系统</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">[M].</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>北京:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>电子工业出版社,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2006.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><FONT face=宋体>王雷(硕士),主要研究方向为汽车控制技术及嵌入式系统开发。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #09375d; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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